Functions of Assembly Machines

The core functions of an assembly machine are to replace or assist human labor in product assembly with superior consistency, efficiency, and reliability.

1. Automated Feeding and Handling

• Description: Automatically retrieves components from bulk storage and transports them to the precise assembly location using feeders, robots, or conveyors.
• Function: Enables continuous flow and reduces manual handling.

2. Precise Positioning and Alignment

• Description: Uses fixtures, guides, vision systems, or sensors to ensure each part is in the exact required position and orientation for assembly.
• Function: Forms the foundation for high-precision assembly, ensuring correct part mating.

3. Performing Assembly Operations
   This is the core execution function, which may include:

• Press-Fitting: Pressing bearings, pins into housings.
• Fastening/Screwdriving: Driving screws and nuts to a specified torque.
• Riveting: Performing press, orbital, or blind riveting.
• Inserting: Placing pins, connectors into PCBs or bases.
• Welding: Executing ultrasonic, laser, or thermal welding.
• Dispensing: Applying adhesives, lubricants, or ink marking.
• Placing/Laminating: Attaching labels, films, or covers.

4. Quality Inspection and Process Monitoring

• Description: Performs real-time quality checks during or after assembly.
• ফাংশন:
  • Presence Verification: Checks if a component is present.
  • Dimensional Gauging: Measures critical post-assembly dimensions.
  • Torque Monitoring: Verifies screw fastening torque.
  • Vision Inspection: Uses cameras to check appearance, defects, and correctness.
  • Leak Testing: Tests the seal integrity of assembled products.

5. Data Acquisition and Traceability

• Description: Records production data, such as count, yield, machine status, and test results.
• Function: Enables digital production management and product quality traceability.

6. Sorting and Unloading

• Description: Automatically sorts finished products into “Pass” and “Fail” streams based on inspection results.
• Function: Ensures only conforming products proceed to the next stage or packaging.

In summary, an assembly machine is a multi-functional system integrating mechanical, electrical, control, and sensing technologies. Its ultimate function is to establish a stable, efficient, and high-quality automated production process.